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Couderc noir
Couderc noir is a red wine hybrid grape that was formerly grown primarily in the South West France wine region and around the Gard ''département'' in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. The vine produces high yields and ripens late, creating a wine that is deeply colored with a distinct, earthy flavor. Couderc noir is normally used for mass commercial and table wines.〔 J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 207 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 978-1-85732-999-5 〕
The grape was planted throughout France following the devastation of the phylloxera epidemic in the late 19th century and up until the 1970s there were more plantings of Couderc noir in France than Cabernet Sauvignon.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 275, Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2 〕〔Wein-Plus ''"(Couderc noir )"'' (Deutsch) Accessed: March 22nd, 2013〕
==History and pedigree==
Couderc noir is a natural inter-species crossing between an unknown ''Vitis vinifera'' variety and Munson (also known as Jaeger 70). The Munson grape itself is an inter-species hybrid created from two American grapevine species ''Vitis lincecumii'' and ''Vitis rupestris''. Couderc noir was discovered in 1886 in the garden of a pastry chef named Contassot from Aubenas in the Ardèche department. Contassot had plantings of Munson and when he observed the characteristics of this new vine, he gave the seeds to grape breeders Georges Couderc and Albert Seibel who began working with the variety. Couderc's "series 71" cutting of the vine was the most commercially successful and the grape was formally named after him.〔
Like many French-American hybrids, Couderc noir was widely planted throughout France following the devastation of the phylloxera epidemic in the late 19th century. Its productiveness and disease resistance kept it in favor well into the 20th century even after advances in phylloxera-resistant rootstock grafting allowed traditional French vinifera to return in full force. By the end of the 1950s there were 65,770 acres (26,616 hectares) of Couderc noir planted throughout France, well more than Cabernet Sauvignon.〔 In fact, it wasn't until the 1970s that years of vine pulling schemes by the French government reduced Couderc noir's numbers enough to allow Cabernet Sauvignon to surpass the hybrid in total plantings.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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